Close X
Saturday, November 2, 2024
ADVT 
Health

Blonde or Brunette - single DNA change can decide hair colour

Darpan News Desk Darpan, 02 Jun, 2014 01:33 PM
  • Blonde or Brunette - single DNA change can decide hair colour
To get a blonde look, you soon may not need to visit a hair clinic or a specialist barber. A single-letter change in the genetic code is enough to generate blonde hair in humans, fascinating research shows.
 
In a first, the study outlines how tiny DNA changes can reverberate through our genome in ways that may affect evolution, migration and even human history.
 
"This particular genetic variation in humans is associated with blonde hair, but it is not associated with eye colour or other pigmentation traits," said David Kingsley from Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) at Stanford University.
 
According to Kingsley, a handful of genes likely determine hair colour in humans.
 
For over a decade, Kingsley studied the three-spined stickleback, a small fish whose marine ancestors began to colonise lakes and streams at the end of the last Ice Age.
 
The researchers found that the blonde hair commonly seen in northern Europeans is caused by a single change in the DNA that regulates the expression of a gene named Kit ligand.
 
"The very same gene that we found controlling skin colour in fish showed one of the strongest signatures of selection in different human populations around the world," Kingsley explained.
 
Kit ligand encodes a protein that aids the development of pigment-producing cells.
 
"So it made sense that changing its activity could affect hair or skin colour," researchers said.
 
Catherine Guenther, an HHMI research specialist in Kingsley's lab, began experiments to search for regulatory switches that might specifically control hair colour.
 
"When we found the hair follicle switch, we could then ask what is different between blondes and brunettes in northern Europe," Kingsley said.
 
Examining the DNA in that regulatory segment, they found a single letter of genetic code that differed between individuals with different hair colours.
 
"Given Kit ligand's range of activities throughout the body, many such regulatory elements are likely scattered throughout the DNA that surrounds the gene. We think the genome is littered with switches," Kingsley emphasised.
 
It is clear that this hair colour change is occurring through a regulatory mechanism that operates only in the hair.
 
"This is not something that also affects other traits, like intelligence or personality. The change that causes blonde hair is, literally, only skin deep," Kingsley added.
 
The study was published in the journal Nature Genetics.

MORE Health ARTICLES

Honey Can Destroy Harmful Fungus, Save Lives

Honey Can Destroy Harmful Fungus, Save Lives
Researchers from Britain have identified the effect of honey used since ancient times for the treatment of several diseases, on pathogenic fungi that can cause devastating infections in vulnerable people.

Honey Can Destroy Harmful Fungus, Save Lives

Speaking two languages keeps brain's ageing at bay

Speaking two languages keeps brain's ageing at bay
If you speak more languages than one, it is good not only for your social image but also for the health of your brain, a research said.

Speaking two languages keeps brain's ageing at bay

Can't avoid salty meal? Blame your genes

Can't avoid salty meal? Blame your genes
Even though you may risk hypertension and heart disease but can't do without that extra pinch of salt in your meal, blame it on your genes for a gene related to taste pathways could be conspiring against you, researchers have found.

Can't avoid salty meal? Blame your genes

Coffee can cheer you up, but affect mood too

Coffee can cheer you up, but affect mood too
Whether it’s a latte on the way to work or an espresso to get through the afternoon slump, coffee has become a routine formula for several youths. However, think twice before sipping on it as it can also have some side effects.

Coffee can cheer you up, but affect mood too

Negative social talks trigger hypertension in women

Negative social talks trigger hypertension in women
If you want to keep away from hypertension, avoid negative interpersonal interactions. Unpleasant or demanding interpersonal encounters increase hypertension risk among older adults, especially women, new research warns.

Negative social talks trigger hypertension in women

Beware, some low-fat foods may trick you on calorie intake

Beware, some low-fat foods may trick you on calorie intake
Do you often opt for low-calorie food to shed some extra kilos? This may stun you: New research reveals some low-fat foods actually have more calories than regular food - owing to added sugars.

Beware, some low-fat foods may trick you on calorie intake

PrevNext